Cage
The elevator that transports the men from the bankhead
into the mine. |
Cannel
Coal
A compact, tough sapropelic coal that contains spores
and is characterized by a dull, waxy lustre, conchoidal
fracture and massiveness. |
Carbon
Ratio
Percentage of fixed carbon in coal. |
Chainrunner
A workman who fastens and unfastens, as required, haulage
cables to trips, and whose signals direct the haulage
engineer operator to stop the trip. The chainrunner underground
functions much as a guard brakeman on a railway. |
Chamber
An excavation from which coal is taken, known also as
a bord or room (in Great Britain, it is known as breast). |
Checkweighman
The miners representative, chosen by ballot, who checks
the weight of coal recovered in the miner's favour, when
the coal boxes filled by the miners underground are weighed
at the bankhead. |
| Chock
- Chuck, pack, a hardwood block, two or more feet long,
six inches or more square, used as a temporary roof support,
normally in longwall operations and withdrawn as the wall
advances or retreats. In some longwall operations, chocks
are left to ease pressure of the crushed roof and prevent
it spreading to the coal face. |
Choke
Damp
A loosely used term for carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. |
Cleat
or Cleavage
The term applied to the natural forces, or planes of division,
causing coal to break up into more or less rectangular
blocks. |
Coal
A solid, brittle, stratified, combustible rock-like material
formed by decomposition of plant vegetation that has been
submitted to compaction and induration. |
Coal
Analysis
The determination by chemical methods of the amounts of
various components of coal. |
Coal
Ash
Non-combustible material in coal. |
Coal
Bank
Exposed seam of coal. |
Coal
Basin
A coal field with a synclinal basin structure. |
Coal
Bump
Sudden outbursts of coal and rock that occur when stresses
in a coal pillar, left for support in underground workings,
cause the pillar to rupture without warning, sending coal
and rock flying with explosive force. |
Coal
Caking
Coal that softens and binds together when heated and produces
a hard grey cellular coke. |
Coal
Carbonization
The heat treatment of coal in the absence of air at low
temperatures (450 to 700 degrees C) or high temperatures
(900 to 1200 degrees C). |
Coal
Classification
The grouping of coals according to a particular property
such as degree of metamorphism (Rank), constituent plant
materials (Type), or degree of impurity (Grade). Also,
the grouping of coals according to percentage of volatile
matter, coal caking properties and coking properties. |
Coal
Field
The coal deposit or bed, in total, in a given geographic
locality. |
Coal
Gasification
Conversion of coal to gaseous fuel without leaving a combustible
residue. |
Coal
Grade
A coal classification based on the degree of impurity,
(i.e. quantity of inorganic material or ash left after
burning). |
Coal
Hydrogeneration or Liquefaction
The conversion of coal into liquid hydrocarbons and related
compounds by treating an oily paste of bituminous coal
with hydrogen gas at elevated temperatures and pressures. |
Coal
Measures
A succession of coal seams in varying thickness and separated
by other sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and/or shale. |
Coal
Measures
As for coal field. |
Coal
Rank
A coal classification based on degree of metamorphism. |
Coal
Seam or Bed
A stratum (layer) of coal. |
Coke
A combustible material consisting of the fused coal ash
and fixed carbon of bituminous coal, produced by driving
off the coal's volatile matter. |
Coking
Coal
A bituminous coal containing 80-90% carbon and that is
suitable for the production of coke. |
Collier
An underground workman in a coal mine - a coal transporting
ship. |
Colliery
A coal mine inclusive of surface, plant and underground
workings. |
Compaction
A decrease in the volume of sediment as a result of compressive
stress, usually resulting from continued deposits above,
but also from drying and other causes. |
Conglomerate
The rock strata lying beneath a coal measure. |
Creep
A crush in which pillars are forced down into the floor,
or up into the roof of a mine. |
Crossheading
A narrow opening for ventilation driven through coal or
rock separating two passages. |
Cuddy
A weighted tram, to counterbalance a loaded tub and pull
up the empty tub. |
Cut
A groove excavated in the coal face in preparation for
blasting. |
